Today we introduce some information aboutThe historical story of the boring machine and some knowledge related to it.

1, the earliest boring machine designer-Da Vinci boring machine is called "the mother of machinery". Speaking of boring machine, we have to talk about Leonardo da Vinci first. This legendary figure may have been the first designer of a boring machine for metal processing. The boring machine he designed is powered by water or foot pedals. The boring tool rotates close to the workpiece, which is fixed on a moving table driven by a crane. In 1540, another painter drew a picture of "fire work", which also had the same drawing of a boring machine. At that time, the boring machine was specially used for finishing hollow castings.

2. The first boring machine (Wilkinson, 1775) was born for the processing of cannon barrels. In the 17th century, due to military needs, the development of cannon manufacturing industry was very rapid. How to make cannon barrels became a big problem that people needed to solve urgently.

The world's first real boring machine was invented by Wilkinson in 1775. In fact, to be precise, Wilkinson's boring machine is a drilling machine that can precisely process cannons. It is a hollow cylindrical boring bar with both ends mounted on bearings.

Born in America in 1728, Wilkinson moved to Staffordshire at the age of 20 to build Bilston's first iron furnace. As a result, Wilkinson was called "Staffordshire's master blacksmith".

In 1775, 47-year-old Wilkinson worked hard in his father's factory and finally produced this new machine that could drill the barrel of a cannon with rare precision. Interestingly, after his death in 1808, Wilkinson was buried in a cast iron coffin of his own design.

3. Boring machine made an important contribution to Watt's steam engine. If there were no steam engine, the first wave of industrial revolution would not have occurred at that time. The development and application of the steam engine itself, in addition to the necessary social opportunities, some technical prerequisites can not be ignored, because the manufacture of steam engine parts, far from being as easy as carpenters cutting wood, to make metal into some special shapes, and the processing accuracy requirements are high, no corresponding technical equipment can not be done. For example, in the manufacture of cylinders and pistons of steam engines, the accuracy of the outer diameter required in the piston manufacturing process can be cut from the outer side to measure the size, but to meet the accuracy requirements of the cylinder inner diameter, it is not easy to use general processing methods.

Smilton was the best mechanical technician of the eighteenth century. Smilton designed waterwheel, windmill equipment up to 43 pieces. When making steam engines, the most difficult thing for Smilton was to process the cylinders. It is quite difficult to machine a large cylinder inner circle into a circle. To this end, Smilton made a special machine tool for cutting the inner circle of the cylinder at the Cullen Iron Works. This boring machine, which is driven by a waterwheel, is equipped with a tool at the front end of its long shaft. The tool can rotate in the cylinder so as to process its inner circle. Since the tool is installed at the front end of the long shaft, there will be problems such as shaft deflection, so it is very difficult to process a truly circular cylinder. For this reason, Smith had to change the position of the cylinder several times for processing.

For this problem, Wilkinson in 1774 invented the boring machine played a big role. This kind of boring machine uses water wheel to rotate the material cylinder and make it advance the tool with fixed center. Due to the relative movement between the tool and the material, the material is bored with a cylindrical hole with high precision. At that time, a cylinder with a diameter of 72 inches was made with a boring machine, and the error did not exceed the thickness of a sixpence coin. Measured by modern technology, this is a big error, but under the conditions at the time, it is not easy to reach this level.

However, Wilkinson's invention did not apply for patent protection, and people copied it and installed it. In 1802, Watt also talked about Wilkinson's invention in the book, and copied it in his Soho iron factory. Later, Watt also used Wilkinson's magical machine when making the cylinders and pistons of the steam engine. It turns out that for the piston, it can be cut while measuring the size on the outside, but it is not so simple for the cylinder, so it is not necessary to use a boring machine. At that time, Watt used the water wheel to rotate the metal cylinder and pushed the tool fixed in the center forward to cut the inside of the cylinder. As a result, the error of the cylinder with a diameter of 75 inches was less than the thickness of a coin, which was very advanced in the right time.

4. The birth of the workbench lifting boring machine (Hutton, 1885) In the following decades, many improvements were made to Wilkinson's boring machine. In 1885, Hutton of England made a workbench lifting boring machine, which has become the prototype of modern boring machine.

After so many years of continuous improvement,Boring machine is also more and more advancedIncreasingly modernized. With the continuous development of science and technology, the machinery manufacturing industry is also developing rapidly.

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